Chile’s climate is highly controled by the fresh effect of the Pacific Ocean and the Humboldt Current that start in the icy waters near Antarctica and flows up the western coast of South America. when the effect of the Humboldt’s very cold current hits Chile’s northern coastline it makes clouds and fog, which then contributes to making the Atacama Desert the driest on Earth!
Soils are healthy, and have a variety of origins (alluvial, colluvial, fluvial, etc.) and textures (loam, clay, sand, silt).
Despite the relatively dry atmospheric conditions, plentiful water for irrigation runs from the ice caps of the Andes Mountains that surpass all along Chile’s eastern border.
In recent years, more vineyards crawl closer and higher to the peaks. Currents of wind climb and descend over the course of the day to create a daily pendulum of temperatures that swings broadly between daytime highs and night time lows. This is just what rich red grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon thrive on.
http://www.winesofchile.org/the-wines/climates/
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